Evaporation is an endothermic process undertaken by all liquids. This physical state change occurs when surface molecules gain sufficient kinetic energy to overcome the enthalpy of vaporization. Such ...

The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which the vapor pressure of the liquid equals the pressure surrounding the liquid and the liquid changes into a vapor. The boiling point of a ...

The top image shows the schematic of liquid film boiling, where both vibrant bubbles inside the liquid film and the evaporation atop dissipate the heat. The bottom left image shows the experimental ...

Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosions (BLEVEs) present a severe hazard in the chemical and energy industries, where heated, pressurised liquids can undergo rapid phase change when containment is ...